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Contents

Introduction: Exercise

Introduction to Pāḷi

The Pāḷi Alphabet

Serves as Table of Contents for Individual Letters; letters are links. This section is not complete and will be subject to continuous revision.

a ā i ī u ū e o k kh g gh c ch j jh ñ ṭ ṭh ḍ t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l ḷ v s h

Place of articulation (ṭhāna)

Manner of articulation (payatana)

Consonants (vyañjana)

Vowels (sara)

Pure Nasal (niggahīta) (nasal only, i.e. no release in the mouth, avivaṭena mukhena)

Stops (phuṭṭha or vagga)

Semi-vowel (īsaka phuṭṭha) (voiced)

Sibilant (sakāra) (voiceless)

Short (rassa)

Long (dīgha)

Compound (asamāna)

voiceless (aghosa) non-aspirate (sithila)

voiceless aspirate (dhanita)

voiced (ghosavant) non-aspirate

voiced aspirate 

voiced nasal (nāsika)

Gutturals (kaṇṭhaja)

k

kh

g

gh

J

h

 

a

A

e

 

 

 

 

 o

G
M

Palatals (tāluja)

c

ch

j

jh

Y

y

 

i

I

Cerebrals (muddhaja)

T

Th

D

Dh

N

r/L
 Lh
L

     

Dentals (dantaja)

t

th

d

dh

n

l

s

   

Labials (oṭṭhaja)

p

ph

b

bh

m

v

 

u

U

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