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# Thīna-Middha

#### Oscitance
Lazy Ways and Inertia, Sloth and Torpor, Thick-Muddled

References:

[DN 33]
Sangiti Suttanta in Pāḷi
PTS: Dialogs of the Buddha III, #33: The Recital, T.W. and C.A.F. Rhys Davids, trans., pp201
WP: The Long Discourses of the Buddha, #33: The Chanting Together, M. Walshe, trans., pp479
PTS: The Middle Length Sayings, I: 33: Applications of Mindfulness, horner, trans., pp77
[AN 10.99]
PTS: Woodward, The Book of the Gradual Sayings, V: The Book of the Tens, VII, pp145
The Pāḷi Line: High Getting High
and The Great Master's Satisfaction Pastures
ATI: The Five Mental Hindrances and their Conquest
ATI: Frames of Reference
Bhante Punnaji, Awakening Meditation, Puremind Press, pp 7-9
Glossology: Nivarana, The Hindrances

Pāḷi | MO | Hare | Horner | Punnaji | Bodhi | Nanamoli | Rhys Davids | (Mrs)Rhys Davids | Thanissaro | Walshe | Woodward | Nyanaponika Thera
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
thīna-middha | lazy ways and inertia | sloth and torpor | sloth and torpor | Lethargy and drowsiness | sloth and torpor | sloth and torpor | sloth and torpor | sloth and torpor | Sloth and Torpor | sloth-and-torpor | sloth-and-torpor | Sloth and Torpor

Pāḷi Text Society
Pāḷi English Dictionary
Edited by T. W. Rhys Davids and William Stede
[EDITED ENTRY]

Thīna: [Sk. styāna; orig. pp. of styāyate to become hard, to congeal; stei.rā (cp. also thira)=Gr. ste/as grease, tale; Lat. stīpo to compress; also Sk. stimita (motionless) = P. timi; stīma (slow), Mhg. stīm; Goth. etc. stains = E. stone; Gr. sti_fos (heap); Lat. stīpes (pale); Ohg. stīf=E. stiff] stiffness, obduracy, stolidity, indifference... Together with middha it is one of the 5 hindrances (nīvaraṇāni) to Arahantship... Def. as cittassa akammaññatā, unwieldiness or impliability of mind (=immobility); as citta-gelaññaṁ morbid state of mind ("psychosis"). -middha sloth and drowsiness, stolidity and torpor; two of the 5 nīvaraṇāni...; D I.71, 246; III.49, 234, 269, 278; S I.99; III.106; V.277 sq.; A III.69 sq.; 421.
Middha[orig. pp. perhaps to Vedic mid (?) to be fat = medh...-- More likely however connected with Sk. methi (pillar=Lat. meta), cp. Prk. medhi. The meaning is more to the point too, viz. "stiff." Thus semantically identical with thīna. torpor, stupidity, sluggishness D I.71...; A V.18.

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