PSALMS OF THE SISTERS
LVIII
Uttarā
SHE, too, having made her resolve under former Buddhas, and heaping up good of age-enduring efficacy in this and that rebirth, so that in her the root of good (karma) was well planted, and the requisites for emancipation were well stored up, was, in this Buddha-era, reborn at Sāvatthī, in a certain clansman's family, and called Uttarā. Come to years of discretion, she heard Paṭācārā preach the Norm, became thereby a believer, entered the Order, and became an Arahant. And, reflecting on her attainment, she exulted thus:
[175] 'Men in their prime, with pestle and with quern
Are busied pounding rice and grinding corn.
Men in their prime gather and heap up wealth,
To have and nourish wife and children dear.[1]
[176] Yours is the task to spend yourselves upon
The Buddha's will which bringeth no remorse.
Swiftly bathe ye your feet, then sit ye down
[177] Apart. Planting your minds in Steadfastness,
With concentrated effort well composed,
Ponder how what ye do, and say, and think,
Proceeds not from a Self, is not your Self.'[2]
[95] [178] The will of her who spake — Paṭācārā —
I heard and marked and forthwith carried out.
Bathing my feet, I sat me down apart.
[179] While passed the first watch of the night there rose
Long memories of the bygone line of lives.
While passed the second watch, the Heavenly Eye,
Purview celestial, I clarified.
[180] While passed the third watch of the night, I burst
And rent aside the gloom of ignorance.
Now rich in Threefold Wisdom I arose:
'O Lady! verily thy will is done.
[181] And like to Sakka o'er the thrice ten gods,
Chiefain unconquered in celestial wars,
I place thee as my chief, and so shall live.
The Threefold Wisdom have I gotten now.
From deadly drugs my soul is purified.'
Now this Sister, one day, when under Paṭācārā she had established herself in an exercise, went into her own dwelling, and seating herself cross-legged, thought: 'I will not break up this sitting until I have emancipated my heart from all dependence on the Āsavas.' Thus resolving, she incited her intellectual grasp, and gradually clarifying insight as she progressed along the Paths, she attained Arahantship, together with the power of intuition and thorough grasp of the Norm. Thus contemplating nineteen subjects[3] in succession, with the consciousness that 'Now have I done what herein I had to do,' she uttered in her happiness the verses given above, and stretched her limbs. And when the dawn arose, and night brightened into day, she sought the Therī's presence, and repeated her verses.
LIX
Cālā
She, too, having made her resolve under former Buddhas, and heaping up good of age-enduring efficac in subsequent rebirths, was, in this Buddha-era, reborn in Magadha, at the village of Nālaka,[4] the child of Surūpasārī, the Brahminee. And on her name-giving day they called her Cālā.[5] Her younger sister was Upacālā, and the youngest Sīsūpacālā, and all three were junior to their brother Sāriputta, Captain of the Norm. Now, when the three heard that their brother had left the world for the Order, they said: 'This can be no ordinary system, nor ordinary renunciation, if one like our brother have followed it!' And full of desire and longing, they too renounced the world, putting aside their weeping kinsfolk and attendants. Thereupon, with striving and endeavour, they attained Arahantship, and abode in the bliss of Nibbāna.
Now, Cālā Bhikkhunī, after her round and her meal, entered one day the Dark Grove to take siesta. Then Māra came to stir up sensual desires in her. Is it not told in the Sutta?
Again, Cālā Bhikkhunī, after her round in Sāvatthi and her meal, entered one day the Pleasant Grove for siesta. And, going on down into the Dark Grove, she sat down under a tree. Then Māra came, and, wishing to upset the consistency of her religious life, asked her the questions in her Psalm. When she had expounded to him the virtues of the Master, and the guiding power of the Norm, she [97] showed him how, by her own attained proficiency, he was exceeding his tether. Thereat Māra, dejected and melancholy, vanished. But she discoursed in exultation on what both of them had said, as follows:
[182] Lo here! a Sister who the fivefold sense[6]
Of higher life hath trained and, self-possessed,
Herself well held in hand, hath made her way
Where lies the Holy Path, where dwells the Bliss
Of mastery over action, speech and thought.
Māra.
[183] Why now and whereto art thou seen thus garbed
And shaven like a nun, yet dost not join
Ascetics of some sect, and share their rites?
What, futile and infatuate, is thy quest?
Cālā.
[184] 'Tis they that are without, caught in the net[7]
Of the vain shibboleths on which they lean —
'Tis they that have no knowledge of the Truth,
'Tis they that lack all competence therein.
[185] Lo! in the princely Sākiya clan is born
A Buddha, peerless 'mong the sons of men:
'Tis he hath shown the saving Truth to me
Which vain opinions doh overpass.
[186] Even the What and Why of ILL, and how
Ill comes, and how Ill may be overpassed,
[98] E'en by the Ariyan, the Eightfold Path,
That leadeth to th' abating of all Ill.
[187] And I who heard his blessed words abide
Fain only and alway to do his will.
The Threefold Wisdom have I gotten now,[8]
And done the bidding of the Buddha blest.
[188] On every hand the love of sense is slain.[9]
And the thick gloom of ignorance is rent
In twain. Know this, thou Evil One, avaunt!
Here, O Destroyer! shalt thou not prevail.
LX
Upacālā
Her story has been told in the foregoing number. Like Cālā, she, too, as Arahant, exulted, after Māra had tempted her in vain, as follows:
[189] Lo! here a Sister who the fivefold sense
Of higher lifehath trained, with memory
And power of inward vision perfected,
And thus hath made her way into the Path
Of Holiness, by noble spirits trod.
Māra.
[190] Why lovest thou not birth?[10] since, being born,
Thou canst enjoy what life of sense doth bring.
Enjoy the sport of sense and take thy fill,
Lest thou too late with bitter pangs regret.[11]
Upacālā.
[191] To one that's born death cometh soon or late,
And many perils at the hands of men:vScathe, torture, loss of limb,[12] of liberty,
Nay, life. So Ill-ward bound is the born child.
[192] Lo! in the princely Sākiya clan is born
He who is Wholly Wake, Invincible.
'Tis he hath shown the saving Truth to me
By which the round of birth is overpassed,
[193] Even the What and Why of ILL, and how
Ill comes, and how Ill may be overpassed,
E'en by the Ariyan, the Eightfold Path,
That leadeth to th' abating of all Ill.
[194] And I who heard his blessed words, abide
Fain only and alway to do his will.
The Threefold Wisdom have I gotten now,
And done the bidding of the Buddha blest.
[195] On every hand the love of sense is slain.
And the thick gloom of ignorance is rent
In twain. Know this, thou Evil One, avaunt!vHere, O Destroyer! may'st thou not prevail.
[1] See Ps. xlvii., xlviii.
[2] Lit., consider the saṇkhāras as other, not as self.
[3] Why 'nineteen' I am unable to explain. They may be bodhipakkhiyā dhammā — e.g., the satipaṭṭhānas, the bojjhangas, and the Path = nineteen factors.
[4] Called also Nāla-village. Sāriputta seems to have continued, at times, to reside there (Saŋy. N., iv. 251), and it was there that he died (ibid., v. 161).
[5] These three Sisters are all included in the Bhikkhunī-Saŋyutta as having been tempted by Māra; but there Cālā's reply is put into Sīsupacālā's mouth, Upacālā's is given to Cālā, and Sīsupacālā's is given to Upacālā. See Appendix.
[6] The five indriyas, replacing, in the higher life, the importance, in worldly things, of the five senses — viz., faith, energy, mindfulness, concentration, and insight.
[7] 'Sectaries' are termed pāsaṇḍā. The Commentary connects the word with pāso, snare, net, but by a false etymology. The origin of the term is obscure. 'Without' (ito bahiddhā) — i.e., not of us.
[9] Cf. Pss. xxxv., xxxvi.
[10] Cf. Appendix, where this is spoken to Cālā.
[12] Lit., 'cutting (loss) of hand or foot,' referring generally, says the Commentary, to the thirty-two constituents of the body (read kāyākārā for kammakarā).
