Saṃyutta Nikāya
3. Khandha Vagga
34. Jhāna Saṃyutta

Suttas 1-55

Linked Suttas on Brightly-Burning-Brilliant-Knowing

Translated from the Pāḷi
by
Michael M. Olds

 

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Introduction

This kind of "Spell" is known as "A Wheel." In a wheel spell, two or more sets of concepts are "rolled-out" against each other until every possible combination has been used.

These sorts of spells are an excellent place for beginning translators to concentrate, as, if one sticks closely to the Pāḷi, the form is great medicine for getting rid of any wrongly used terms.

Putting this the other way round: it is not likely one will get the words right just saying "The same but for x substitute y."

First of all, there is almost always some slight change just where you have fallen asleep. The basic construction, for example, of the first ten of these suttas is (except for the one word change in form of 8, 9, and 10) exactly the same except for the one concept that changes. Try constructing a translation this way! Then for the second ten again alter only one word by substituting one of the ten previous words and repeat the process, and so forth. One of those mathematicians or code breakers or CIA puzzle solvers ought to try their hand at this. It's mind-bending doing it at a computer where one can cut and paste, imagine the mental power of one that could hold this together in the mind!

There needs to be a little introductory discussion of terminology here. Specifically concentrating on the words "jhāyati (jhāna practice)" and "samādhi"; the Pāḷi for the first sutta in this spell (the one that sets the pattern) goes like this:

"Cattaro me bhikkhave jhāyī.|| ||

Katame cattāro?|| ||

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhi-kusalo hoti||
na samādhismiṃ samāpatti-kulalo.|| ||

Idha pana bhikkhave ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samāpatti-kusalo hoti||
na samādismiṃ samādhi-kusalo.|| ||

Woodward gives us:

There are these four, brethren, who practice the jhānas.
What four?
Herein, brethren, a certain one who practices meditation is skilled in concentration,
but is not skilled in the attainment thereof.
Again, brethren, a certain one who practices meditation is skilled in the attainments of concentration,
but is not skilled in concentration (itself) ...

Bhikkhu Bodhi gives us:

Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of meditators.
What four?
Here, bhikkhus, a meditator is skilled in concentration regarding concentration
but not skilled in attainment regarding concentration.
Here a meditator is skilled in attainment regarding concentration
but not skilled in concentration regarding concentration ...

Bhikkhu Bodhi footnotes:

"Spk: Skilled in concentration (samādhi-kusala): skilled in determining the factors thus, "The first jhāna has five factors, the second three factors," etc. But not skilled in attainment regarding concentration (no samādhismiṃ samāpatti-kusala): though he makes the mind pliant by gladdening it (Spk-pt: by removing the opposed states and collecting the cooperative causes), he is unable to attain the jhāna.
Mp III 354, on samāpatti-kusala: "Having collected suitable food and climate, he is skilled in attaining concentration — adroit, capable, and adept at it."
I doubt these explanations capture the intended meaning and think it more likely skill in attainment is synonymous with the "mastery in attainment" (samāpattivasī) described at Paṭis I 100 thus: "He attains the first jhāna (etc) where, when, and for as long as he wishes; he has no difficulty in attaining."

Vocabulary:

jhāyati: (1) (2 is to burn): PED notes: Sk. dhyāyati, dhi; with dhīra, dhīh from didheti shine, perceive; cp. Goth. filu-deisei cunning, and in meaning cinteti < citta 1. to meditate, contemplate, think upon, brood over; search for, hunt after.

samādhi [fr saṇ +ā +dhā (that would be "one's own"; to; dhā which is a sound essentially meaning the two things 'That' and 'Ahh' going to the request of the infant for the breast and the expression of satisfaction after feeding, so to "breast" "feeding" "nourishing" and "holding" "having" "possessing" and from there to "wealth" and "giving") This word is a "Manta" or Mantra or magic charm which yields much more information than this.

Bhante Punnaji hears sama 'even', and gets "equilibrium".

Those who translate this term as "concentration" are relying not so much on the word as on the definition of the jhānas in which one of the primary factors of the jhānas is "one pointedness of mind" (to be heard: "single-minded", "intent on one thing").

PED has: 1. concentration; a concentrated, self-collected, intent state of mind and meditation ... and points out how, in several ways, the term "samādhi" is far broader than our usual understanding that it is just meditation practice, and specifically the jhānas. For example: "In the Ambattha-sutta the ... terms are sīla, caraṇa, vijja (DN 3). Thus samādhi would comprise (a) the guarding of the senses (indriyesu gutta-dvāratā), (b) self-possession (sati-sampajañña), (c) contentment (santuṭṭhi), (d) emancipation from the five hindrances (nivaranāni) and (my 'and') (e) the four jhānas.

Again: Description and characterization of samādhi: Its four nimittas or signs are the four satipaṭṭhānas (MN 44 Horner, p.363); six conditions (AN 6.72) and six hindrances (AN 6.73 Hare) other hindrances (MN 128).

References to "Two Grades of samādhi" the upacara (preparatory concentration) and appana (attainment concentration)" are confined to commentaries.

The three kinds of samādhi:
1. suññata; empty
2. a-p-paṇihita; aimless
3. a-nimitta; signless.

One more thing to factor in: In all likelihood the practice of meditation (sitting down (figuratively speaking) to attempt to rise above one's current mental state by abandoning it for another higher mental state) originated in inhaling marijuana (we hear of large stands (vana) waving too and fro in the hot summer winds rubbing against each other and catching fire ... many people gathering round to watch the blaze) or using soma (I believe soma is even sometimes called the milk of the gods ... reference discussion of "dhā" above ... which I believe (in spite of scholarly studies which point to a mushroom) was actually a sort of tea of marijuana resulting from boiling the flowers and leaves in milk) (Again, in this day and age it is necessary for me to make clear that I am not advocating drug use, and, quite the opposite, make the case that using drugs for the purposes of mental attainment is a flawed practice in that it neither teaches one the techniques for serenity, nor are its effects lasting. Essentially, at its best, it is an instructive experience which should serve to inspire one to personal (natural) effort and humble one who believes that the way they see things is the only way to see things.) With that out of the way, I say flat out that it is foolish, as a translator and as one struggling to understand this practice, to be ignoring this set of practices and its vocabulary, and that is why I have here chosen the terms I use.

So in just trying to figure out the translations for these two terms, what have we got here?

All cases practice, jhāna, or what I would understand to be the deliberate effort to cultivate mental brilliance or serenity (being above it all, being on top of things) or the ability to see and understand. This practice requires skills for its development and has results which vary qualitatively.

This practice results in or is aimed at resulting in "getting" the state called "samādhi". Jhāna is the way to practice to attain Samādhi. Two different ideas, not synonyms.

So I am saying what we have in Sammā Samādhi is what we have in all the other Sammās: 'The setting upright of what was upset' or, the defining of a set of 'best practices' (specifically in this system, practices which do not reflect "self" or clinging to that which belongs to "self") for major categories of common activities: "Everyone get's High. This is the Consummate way to Get High." Or, if you are going to Get High, (samādhi), practice your mental cultivation (jhāna) this way.

This is the only way this sutta doesn't result in such awk-pawk-pawk-word-nesses as:

Woodward's: "one who practices meditation is skilled in the attainments of concentration, but is not skilled in concentration (itself)" or Bhikkhu Bodhi's entire construction.

Here is the vocabulary:

So here is what I get:

 

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Linked Suttas on Brightly-Burning-Brilliant-Knowing

 

I

Sutta 1

Samādhi/Samāpatti Suttaṃ

Serenity/Attainment

[1.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man, Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate knowing knowledge.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to the attainment of serenity.^[1]

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to the attainment of serenity,
not skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity in serenity
nor skill as to the attainment of serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity in serenity
and skill as to the attainment of serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity in serenity
and skill as to the attainment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee^[2]
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity in serenity
and skill as to the attainment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

Sutta 2

Ṭhiti Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Keeping Up

[1.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to keeping up^[3] serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with skill as to keeping up serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to keeping up serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to keeping up serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to keeping up serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to keeping up serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 3

Vuṭṭhāna Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Withdrawing

[3.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to withdrawing^[4] from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to withdrawing from serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to withdrawing from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to withdrawing from serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to withdrawing from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to withdrawing from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 4

Kallavā Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Readiness

[4.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to readiness^[5] for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to readiness for serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to readiness for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to readiness for serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to readiness for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to readiness for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 5

Ārammaṇa Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Preliminaries

[5.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man, Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to preliminaries^[6] for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to preliminaries for serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to preliminaries for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to preliminaries for serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to preliminaries for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to preliminaries for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 6

Gocara Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Nourishment

[6.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to the nourishment^[7] of serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to the nourishment of serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to the nourishment of serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to the nourishment of serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to the nourishment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to the nourishment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 7

Abhinīhāra Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Coming Down

[7.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not skill as to coming down^[8] from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill as to coming down from serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor skill as to coming down from serenity.

Another here, beggars, practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to coming down from serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to coming down from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and skill as to coming down from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 8

Sakkacca-kāri Suttaṃ

Respectfully-Engaged

[8.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not with respectfully-engaged^[9] serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with respectfully-engaged serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor with respectfully-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity
and with respectfully-engaged serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with respectfully-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with respectfully-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 9

Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Consistently-Engaged

[9.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not with consistently-engaged^[10] serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with consistently-engaged serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor with consistently-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with consistently-engaged.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with consistently-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with consistently-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 10

Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Profitably-Engaged

[10.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skillful serenity in serenity
not with profitably-engaged^[11] serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with profitably-engaged serenity,
not having skillful serenity in serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither skillful serenity in serenity
nor with profitably-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and profitably engaging in serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with profitably-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both skillful serenity in serenity
and with profitably-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

II

Sutta 11

Samāpatti/ṭhiti Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at Keeping Up/Attainment

[11.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in keeping up serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in keeping up serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in keeping up serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in keeping up serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in keeping up serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in keeping up serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 12

Samāpatti/vuṭṭhāna Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill at withdrawal/Attainment

[12.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in withdrawal from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in withdrawal from serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in withdrawal from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in withdrawal from serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in withdrawal from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in withdrawal from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 13

Samāpatti/Kallita Suttaṃ

Readiness/Attainment

[13.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in readiness for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in readiness for serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in readiness for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in readiness for serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in readiness for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in readiness for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 14

Samāpatti Ārammaṇa Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill in Preliminaries of Attainment

[14.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in preliminaries for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in preliminaries for serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in preliminaries for serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in preliminaries for serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in preliminaries for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in preliminaries for serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 15

Samāpatti Gocara Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill in Nourishment of Attainment

[15.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in the nourishment of serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in the nourishment of serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in the nourishment of serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in the nourishment of serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in the nourishment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in the nourishment of serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 16

Samāpatti Abhinīhāra Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill in Coming Down from Attainment

[16.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in coming down from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in coming down from serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in coming down from serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in coming down from serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in coming down from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in coming down from serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 17

Samāpatti Sakkacca Kusala Suttaṃ

Skill in Respectfully Engaging Attainment

[17.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not skill in respectfully engaging serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having skill in respectfully engaging serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor skill in respectfully engaging serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in respectfully engaging serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in respectfully engaging serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and skill in respectfully engaging serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 18

Samāpatti Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Consistently-Engaged Attainment

[18.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars, one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not with consistently-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with consistently-engaged serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor with consistently-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with consistently-engaged serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with consistently-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with consistently-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 19

Samāpatti Sappāya-kāri Suttaṃ

Profitably-Engaged Attainment

[19.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity attainment-skill
not with profitably-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
with profitably-engaged serenity,
not serenity attainment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity attainment-skill
nor with profitably-engaged serenity.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with profitably-engaged serenity.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with profitably-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity attainment-skill
and with profitably-engaged serenity
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

III

Sutta 20

Ṭhiti-Vuṭṭhāna Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Withdrawing

[20.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity withdrawing-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity withdrawing-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity withdrawing-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 21

Ṭhiti Kallita Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Readiness

[21.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity readiness.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity readiness
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity readiness
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 22

Ṭhiti Ārammaṇa Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Preliminaries

[22.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 23

Ṭhiti Gocara Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Nourishment

[23.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 24

Ṭhiti Abhinihāra Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Coming-Down

[24.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 25

Ṭhiti Sakkacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Respectfully-engaging

[25.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 26

Ṭhiti Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Consistently-engaging

[26.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 27

Ṭhiti Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Keeping-Up/Profitably-engaging

[27.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity keeping-up-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity keeping-up-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity keeping-up-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity keeping-up-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

IV

Sutta 28

Vuṭṭhāna Kallita Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Readiness

[28.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity readiness.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity readiness
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity readiness
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 29

Vuṭṭhāna Ārammaṇa Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Preliminaries

[29.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 30

Vuṭṭhāna Gocara Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Nourishment

[30.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 31

Vuṭṭhāna Abhinīhāra Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Coming Down

[31.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 32

Vuṭṭhāna Sakkacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Respectfully-Engaging

[32.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 33

Vuṭṭhāna Sāttacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Consistently-Engaging

[33.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 34

Vuṭṭhāna Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Withdrawing/Profitably-Engaging

[34.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity withdrawing-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity withdrawing-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity withdrawing-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity withdrawing-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

V

Sutta 35

Kalalita Ārammaṇa Suttaṃ

Readiness/Preliminaries

[35.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity preliminaries-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity preliminaries-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 36

Kallitā Gocara Suttaṃ

Readiness/Nourishment

[36.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity nourishment-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 37

Kallita Abhinīhāra Suttaṃ

Readiness/Coming Down

[37.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity coming-down-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 38

Kallita Sakkacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Readiness/Respectfully-Engaging

[38.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 39

Kallita Sātacca-kāri Suttaṃ

Readiness/Consistently-Engaging

[39.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 40

Kallita Sappāya-kāri Suttaṃ

Readiness/Profitably-Engaging

[40.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity readiness
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity readiness.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity readiness
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity readiness
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

VI

Sutta 41

Ārammaṇa Gocara Suttaṃ

Preliminaries/Nourishment

[41.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill,
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity preliminaries-skill
nor serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity nourishment-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 42

Ārammaṇa Abhinihāra Suttaṃ

Preliminaries/Coming Down

[42.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill,
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity preliminaries-skill
nor serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 43

Ārammaṇa Sakkacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Preliminaries/Respectfully-Engaging

[43.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity preliminaries-skill
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 44

Ārammaṇa Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Preliminaries/Consistently-Engaging

[44.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity preliminaries-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 45

Ārammaṇa Sappāya-kāri Suttaṃ

Preliminaries/Profitably-Engaging

[45.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity preliminaries-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity preliminaries-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity preliminaries-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity preliminaries-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

VII

Sutta 46

Gocara Abhinīhāra Suttaṃ

Nourishment/Coming Down

[46.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill,
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity nourishment-skill
nor serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity coming-down-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 47

Gocara Sakkacca-kāri Suttaṃ

Nourishment/Respectfully-Engaging

[47.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity nourishment-skill
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 48

Gocara Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Nourishment/Consistently-Engaging

[48.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity nourishment-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 49

Gocara Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Nourishment/Profitably-Engaging

[49.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity nourishment-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity nourishment-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity nourishment-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity nourishment-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

VIII

Sutta 50

Abhinihāra Sakkacca-kāri Suttaṃ

Coming Down/Respectfully-Engaging

[50.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars, one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill,
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity coming-down-skill
nor serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 51

Abhinihāra Sātacca-kāri Suttaṃ

Coming Down/Consistently-Engaging

[51.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity coming-down-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 52

Abhinīhāra Sappāya-kāri Suttaṃ

Coming Down/Profitably-Engaging

[52.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity coming-down-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity coming-down-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity coming-down-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity coming-down-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

IX

Sutta 53

Sakkacca Sātacca-kārī Suttaṃ

Respectfully-Engaging/Consistently-Engaging

[53.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
not serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill,
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
nor serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity consistently-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

Sutta 54

Sakkacca Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Respectfully-Engaging/Profitably-Engaging

[54.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity respectfully-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

§

 

X

Sutta 55

Sātacca Sappāya-kārī Suttaṃ

Consistently-Engaging/Profitably-Engaging

[55.1][pts] I Hear Tell:

Once upon a time The Lucky Man,
Sāvatthī-town revisiting.

There he addressed the beggars:

"Beggars!"

"Bhante!" they responded.

The Lucky Man said this to them:

"There are these four, beggars,
that cultivate brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing.

What four?

Here, beggars,
one practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity consistently-engaging-skill
not serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having serenity profitably-engaging-skill,
not serenity respectfully-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having neither serenity consistently-engaging-skill
nor serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Another here, beggars,
practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity consistently-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill.

Of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing, beggars,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity consistently-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent.

In the same way, beggars,
as from the cow comes milk,
from milk cream,
from cream butter,
from butter ghee,
from ghee skimmed ghee
and of these skimmed ghee
is figured to be the best;
in the same way
of these four who practice brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
he who practices brightly-burning-brilliant-knowing,
having both serenity consistently-engaging-skill
and serenity profitably-engaging-skill
is figured to be the head,
the highest,
the utmost,
the most excellent."

 

---

 

^[1] Samāpatti-kusalo: attainment-skills; There seem to be three categories here: skill at getting samādhi; the things which can be gained by samādhi, such as insight and calm; and things which are skills of samādhi or jhāna practice itself. The first person knows how to get high quickly and easily; the second may not have an easy time getting serenity, but gets the insights obtainable by serenity easily; the third may have trouble getting serenity, may have trouble using it to gain insight, but finds maintaining it and developing it easy. I take this sutta to be dealing with this latter category.

^[2] Sappimaṇḍo: I have never seen an authoritative statement as to what this is. In most PTS translations it is rendered (ahum) "skimming's of ghee" meaning, I think the froth which rises to the top when butter is heated in the clarification process. I think it may not be this, but the top part of ghee that has been at rest for a few hours where some additional separation of the milk solids has taken place (clarified ghee).

^[3] Ṭhiti: to stand this; once having attained jhāna, the ability to keep it going. This (at least for the lower jhānas) is done by going back and starting again (focusing the mind once again on the breathing, for example) and by letting go.

^[4] Vuṭṭhāna: > uṭṭhana: rising, rise, getting up, standing opp. lying or sitting. This is the ṭhāna of satipaṭṭhāna where the conventional wisdom has this part of the word meaning "nourishment up" (the 'th' sound being the root for 'stand'; see #2); there are passages where the meaning of this term as used in this context is clear, as when the process for going from a higher jhāna to a lower jhāna is described.

^[5] Kallavā: wellness, properness; fitness, health; 2. clever, able, dextrous; 3. proper, right; 4. fitness, befitting

^[6] Ārammaṇa: PED: primary meaning "foundation", from this applied in the foll. senses: 1. support, help, footing, expedient, anything to be depended upon as a means of achieving what is desired, i.e. basis of operation, chance, 2. condition, ground, cause, means, 3. a basis for the working of the mind and intellect; i.e. sense-object, object of thought or consciousness, the outward constituent in the relation of the subject and object, object in general. In this meaning of "relation" it is closely connected with āyatana, so that it sometimes takes its place. Bodhi follows the commentator in making this out to be the kasina (device used for initial establishment of concentration); I think this is correct, but a specific case of the general principle — for different people there is a different "basis" for attaining each jhāna ... for some it may be a sound for others a scent, etc. something about this object/thing has become associated with the entrance to the jhāna and can be made to trigger it. For some people this is done by deliberate intentional practice, as with a kasina, for others it happens naturally.

^[7] Gocaro: cow-wanderound; familiarity with those areas where directing the mind is fruitful not those areas where it leads to coming down. Simple examples: don't think about sex or violence; think about the Dhamma.

^[8] Abhinīhāro: PED: (> bhinirhāra: taking the body out to burial) being bent on ("downward force") i.e. taking oneself out to, way of acting, (proper) behavior, endeavor, resolve, aspiration. Abhi = over ni = down hara = take, bring; this is the "Resolve" to have jhāna last so and so much time and then result in extraction. I wonder if there is not some confusion here with some old master speaking to our translator about resolve, understanding it to mean 'to bring to an end'. I am saying 'resolution' thinking of the "casting" of a spell, where it is like nourishment out on a journey and passing some stranger walking the other direction and then upon one's return one sees, at about the same spot, again going in the opposite direction that same stranger once again ... the trip has a symmetry which is highly satisfying. I have mentioned this previously with regard to rising up out of sitting practice where I suggest that one have two or several objectives for the getting up — so the symmetry would be in finding one's self at the completion of the objectives sitting down to take up practice again: there should be a similar symmetry in the jhāna practice as well.

^[9] Sakka-c-cang: respectfully, carefully, duly, thoroughly > sakkaroti > to honor, esteem, treat with respect receive hospitably

Sakka-c-cakārī (the pattern changes here, "skillful" is replaced by "kārī" "doing" this is also something that I have seen a lot, almost as though to catch out those who would take shortcuts, there is often an unexpected twist. The meaning is that jhāna is treated as though it were an honored guest ... not "I am getting jhāna" but "jhāna has come for a visit ... let me make it welcome." Side note for those who would neglect training practices such as dāna: dāna and the lessons it provides is great training for treating jhāna hospitably.

^[10] Sāta-c-cakari: acting with perseverance. This means not only keeping at it when it is difficult, but also keeping at it during the long stretches where there is no progress evident at all and, even more diffult than either of these, keeping at it once one has reached some degree of progress.

^[11] Sappāyakari: acting with suitability; not bragging or otherwise showing off one's accomplishments (deadly to the practice; even just subjective self-congratulation or excitement will throw one off for long periods of time; for example, a small attainment and one then over-concentrates on what one thinks brought it about, etc., or "I got!" thought).